Tsab ntawv luam tawm no muab cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog tias yuav ua li cas thiaj li tau txais ib qho kev ntsuam xyuas kev kawm ywj pheej ntawm kev siv tsoom fwv cov nyiaj los ntawm ib lub tsev kawm ntawv hauv cheeb tsam. Lwm txoj hau kev uas koj tuaj yeem tau txais kev ntsuam xyuas kev kawm ywj pheej yog them nqi rau qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm koj tus kheej.

1. koj tsis pom zoo nrog cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv qhov kev ntsuam xyuas kev kawm tshwj xeeb zaum kawg nkaus tag los no ntawm koj tus me nyuam,
2. yog hais tias lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv ua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas thawj zaug los sis rov ntsuam xyuas dua tab sis tsis tau txheeb xyuas txhua qhov chaw uas yuav tsum tau ntsuam xyuas thiab yog hais tias koj tsis pom zoo nrog qhov kev ntsuam xyuas, los sis
3. yog hais tias lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv tau tsis kam lees koj tus me nyuam qhov muaj cai tau txais kev kawm tshwj xeeb los sis kev pab cuam tsim nyog los sis kev pab txhawb nqa raws li cov lus qhia ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv uas ua tsis tau zoo.

Txoj Cai Lij Choj

Cov cai tswj ntawm Tsoom Fwv Qib Siab rau Txoj Cai Hais Txog Kev Kawm Ntawvv Rau Cov Neeg Uas Muaj Qhov Tsis Taus Ntawm Lub Cev Hais Tias, nyob rau ntawm qee yam mob:

“Leej niam leej txiv muaj txoj cai rau kev ntsuam xyuas kev kawm ywj pheej ntawm kev siv tsoom fwv cov nyiaj yog hais tias leej niam leej txiv tsis pom zoo nrog ib qhov kev ntsuam xyuas tau txais los ntawm lub koom haum pej xeem [xws li ib lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv] …” 1

Ib qhov kev ntsuam xyuas kev kawm ywj pheej (independent educational evaluation (“IEE”)) txhais tau hais tias qhov kev ntsuam xyuas yog ua los ntawm cov neeg ua hauj lwm uas tsim nyog tsis raug ntiav los ntawm cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv uas muab cov kev pab cuam rau cov tub ntxhais kawm.2 Leej niam leej txiv/tus neeg saib xyuas tuaj yeem thov ib qho IEE ntawm kev siv tsoom fwv cov nyiaj los ntawm ib lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv.Thaum lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv tau txais tsab ntawv thov no, nws tsuas yog muaj ob txoj kev xaiv nkaus xwb:

1. them rau qhov IEE los sis
2. ua ntawv thov txheej txheem sib hais los ua pov thawj tias nws tus kheej qhov kev ntsuas tau tsim nyog.3

Feem ntau cov cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv yuav them nyiaj rau qhov IEE. Kev them nyiaj rau qhov IEE nws kuj tsis kim heev. Lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv nws yuav muaj tus nqi them kim dua los ua ntawv thov cov txheej txheem cai foob rau koj los ua pov thawj tias nws cov kev ntsuam xyuas tau tsim nyog. Lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej txog koj los sis tsuas yog hais qhia koj tias “tsis tau.”

Yuav Thov Rau Qhov IEE Li Cas

Nov yog cov kauj ruam uas koj yuav tsum tau ua los thov qhov IEE ntawm kev siv tsoom fwv cov nyiaj them rau koj tus me nyuam:

Kauj ruam 1: Xa Ib Daim Ntawv Sau Thov Rau Qhov IEE ntawm Kev Siv Tsoom Fwv Cov Nyiaj Them

Yog hais tias koj tsis pom zoo nrog lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv qhov kev ntsuam xyuas koj tus me nyuam, koj yuav tsum sau ib tsab ntawv/email rau tus tshwj hwm teeb meem ntawm koj tus me nyuam los sis Tus Thawj Coj Kev Kawm Ntawv Tshwj Xeeb ntawm lub cheeb tsam. Nyob rau hauv tsab ntawv/email, koj yuav tsum sau hais tias koj tsis pom zoo nrog lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv qhov kev ntsuam xyuas. Koj yuav tsum sau hais ntxiv tias koj tab tom thov qhov IEE ntawm kev siv tsoom fwv cov nyiaj them.

Txawm hais tias kev cai lij choj tsis tau hais tias yuav tsum muaj kev thov qhov IEE los ntawm kev sau ntawv, yuav tsum sau ib tsab ntawv/email xa mus rau lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv yuav yog ib qho tseem ceeb. Lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv tsis tas yuav tsum them nyiaj rau qhov IEE yog tias koj tsis tau muab tshaj qhia mus rau lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv tias koj tsis pom zoo nrog nws cov kev ntsuam xyuas thiab tau thov qhov IEE ntawm kev siv tsoom fwv cov nyiaj them. Kev sau ib tsab ntawv/email tuaj yeem qhia kom pom tau hais tias koj tau tshaj qhia rau lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv, yog tias muaj kev tsis sib haum tom qab. Kaws ib daim ntawv theej ntawm tsab ntawv/email cia rau koj cov ntaub ntawv sau ceg.

Tom qab nws tau txais koj tsab ntawv lawm, tej zaum lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv yuav hais kom koj piav qhia txog tias vim li cas koj ho tsis pom zoo nrog nws cov kev ntsuam xyuas. Koj tsis tas yuav tsum qhia cov kev tsis zoo rau koj qhov kev tsis pom zoo mus rau cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv. Tsis tas li, lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv yuav tsis tuaj yeem siv koj qhov tsis kam lees los ua qhov kev thov ncua sij hawm los teb koj qhov kev thov.4

Kauj ruam 2: Tos rau Kev Teb Rov Qab Tuaj

Tom qab koj tau xa koj tsab ntawv/email mus rau lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv, lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv yuav tsum teb koj cov lus thov rov qab tuaj “yam tsis muaj kev ncua sij hawm”.5 Tsis muaj nyob hauv kev cai lij choj hais tias lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv yuav siv sij hawm ntev npaum li cas los teb rau koj. Txoj cai lij choj tso cai kom muaj lub sij hawm tsim nyog tab sis lub sij hawm luv luv pub rau leej niam leej txiv/tus neeg saib xyuas thiab lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv los sib tham thiab sib hais txog qhov kev thov IEE tau.6  Seb qhov kev ncua sij hawm ntawd yuav qeeb thiab sai yog nyob ntawm qhov teeb meem tsim nyog tshwj xeeb. Piv txwv ib yam li,

• Nyob rau hauv Lub Cheeb Tsam Tsev Kawm Ntawv J.P. v. Ripon Unified, lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv tau xa ib tsab ntawv thov kev sib hais plaub uas tau siv sij hawm ntau dua ob hlis tom qab cov leej niam leej txiv tau thov qhov IEE. Lub tsev tu plaub ntug tau pom tias lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv tau xa tsab ntawv foob mus rau cov txheej txheem sib hais plaub nyob rau lub sij hawm tsim nyog. Cov leej niam leej txiv thiab cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv tab tom sib tham txog qhov kev thov IEE nyob rau ob lub hlis ua ntej uas lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv tau foob mus rau hauv cov txheej txheem cai sib hais plaub.7 
• Nyob rau hauv Lub Cheeb Tsam Tsev Kawm Ntawv J.P. v. Pajaro Valley Unified, lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv tsis tau piav qhia seb yog vim li cas nws thiaj li ua ntawv thov rau cov txheej txheem kev sib hais plaub qeeb tshaj lub sij hawm 11 lub lim tiam. Lub tsev tu plaub ntug pom hais tias lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv ua txhaum txoj cai lawm.8

Feem ntau lawm, lub sij hawm uas tsim nyog rau kev tos tej zaum yuav yog li ntawm 15 hnub ntawm cov hnub kawm ntawv txij li cov cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv yuav tsum tau muab qhov kev npaj ntsuam xyuas ntawm leej niam leej txiv/tus saib xyuas tsis pub dhau 15 hnub suav txij li hnub uas leej niam leej txiv/tus neeg saib xyuas thov rau kev ntsuam xyuas.

Thaum koj xa koj tsab ntawv/email, cov hauv qab no tuaj yeem tshwm sim:

• Yog hais tias lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv tsis teb dab tsi hlo li, nws kuj ua tsis tau raws li txoj cai lij choj. Yog hais tias koj tsis tau txais txhua cov lus teb los ntawm cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv, thov mus rau Kauj Raum thib 4 nyob hauv phau ntawv no.
• Yog hais tias lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv pom zoo them cov peev nyiaj rau qhov IEE, koj tuaj yeem koom ua hauj lwm nrog lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv los xaiv Tus Neeg Ntsuam Xyuas Ywj Pheej Rau Koj.
• Yog hais tias lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv ua ntawv foob raws li cov kev sib hais plaub, ces cia li npaj mus koom lub rooj sib hais plaub. Koj yuav tsum piav qhia rau tus kws tu plaub mloog hais tias yog vim li cas koj ho xav tias lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv txoj kev ntsuam xyuas tsis tsim nyog. Koj kuj tseem yuav tsum tau piav qhia txog hais tias vim li cas koj thiaj xav tau qhov IEE. Thov Mus Saib Ntu Thib 6, Cov Ntaub Ntawv Kev Sib Hais Plaub/Cov Txheej Txheem Ua Raws Cai, ntawm Phau Ntawv Qhia Cov Cai thiab Lub Luag Hauj Lwm ntawm Txoj Kev Kawm Tshwj Xeeb rau cov ntaub ntawv qhia ntau ntxiv txog tias yuav npaj li cas rau lub rooj sib hais plaub.

Kauj ruam 3: Tsis Txhob Siv Lo Lus Tias "Tsis Yog" rau Cov Lus Teb

Yog hais tias cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv tsis teb koj qhov kev thov los sis tsis kam lees koj qhov kev thov yam tsis tau sau ntawv foob hais qhov kev tsis txaus siab, koj yuav tsum sau dua ib tsab ntawv xa mus rau lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv. Nyob rau hauv tsab ntawv no, koj yuav tsum sau hais qhia rau lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv paub tias nws tau ua txhaum koj cov cai raws li hauv tsoom fwv qib siab txoj cai tswj yuam hais txog kev kawm tshwj xeeb raws li hauv qab no: 34 C.F.R. Tshooj Lus 300.502(b).

Yog hais tias koj tsis tau txais cov lus teb los ntawm lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv, koj kuj tseem yuav tsum tau hais qhia rau lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv tias koj tab tom nqis tes los ua lawv qhov kev tsis xa ua kom txhais tau hais tias lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv tau pom zoo them nyiaj rau qhov IEE. Dua li nod lawm, koj tuaj yeem hais qhia rau lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv tau ib yam nkaus:

1. Koj yuav hais qhia rau lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv paub tias koj yuav them nqi rau qhov IEE thiab mam li xa daim ntawv them nqi rau qhov IEE mus rau lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv kom them nyiaj rov qab los, los sis
2. Koj yuav tau hais kom lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv los them nyiaj ncaj qha rau tus neeg muab kev pab uas koj tau xaiv los ua koj qhov IEE.

Yog hais tias koj txiav txim siab mus tom ntej nrog qhov IEE uas tsis muaj cov lus teb dab tsi los ntawm lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv, nco ntsoov tias Tus Neeg Ntsuam Xyuas Ywj Pheej tau ua raws li cov lus qhia tag nrho ntawm lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawm qhov IEE, suav nrog cov qauv tsim nyog thiab tus nqi them rau. Dua li no lawm koj kuj tseem tuaj yeem xaiv tsis sau dab tsi hlo li rau lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv thiab mus ncaj qha rau Kuaj Ruam 4 nyob hauv phau ntawv no.

Kauj ruam 4: Yog Hais Tias Txhua Yam Ua Tsis Tau, Xa Ib Daim Ntawv Sau Cov Lus Tsis Txaus Siab mus rau Lub Tuam Tsev Saib Xyuas Kev Kawm Ntawv Hauv Xeev California (California Department of Education)

Yog hais tias lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv tseem tsis tau pom zoo rau qhov IEE los sis xa daim ntawv foob rau koj ua qhov kev sib hais plaub, koj tuaj yeem sau ntawv foob Hais Qhov Kev Tsis Txaus Siab xa mus rau Lub Tuam Tsev Saib Xyuas Kev Kawm Ntawv Hauv Xeev California (California Department of Education (“CDE”)). Nyob rau hauv tsab ntawv hais qhov kev tsis txaus siab no, koj yuav tsum hais tias lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv tau ua txhaum koj cov cai txheej txheem raws li hauv tsab cai 34 C.F.R. Tshooj lus 300.502 (b) thiab thov rau CDE xaj kom lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv muab qhov IEE rau koj kom sai tam sid.

Thov mus saib Ntu Thib 6, Cov Ntaub Ntawv Kev Sib Hais Plaub/Cov Txheej Txheem Ua Raws Cai, ntawm Phau Ntawv Qhia Cov Cai thiab Lub Luag Hauj Lwm ntawm Txoj Kev Kawm Tshwj Xeeb rau cov ntaub ntawv qhia ntau ntxiv txog tias yuav sau cov kev tsis txaus siab li cas.

Cov Nqe Lus Nug Uas Nquag Nug Tas Li

1.   Kuv tuaj yeem xaiv leej twg los ua kuv tus me nyuam qhov IEE?

Lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv yuav tsum muab cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog cov IEE rau koj. Qhov no muaj cov npe ntawm cov muab kev pab uas muaj peev xwm, cov lus qhia txog kev teev tus nqi, thiab lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv qhov xav tau rau cov IEE.9  Koj tsis tas yuav siv cov neeg ntsuam xyuas uas muaj npe nyob hauv lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv.10  Yog hais tias koj xaiv ib tus neeg muab kev pab uas tsis muaj npe nyob ntawm lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv, saib zoo kom ntseeg tau tias tus neeg ntsuam xyuas uas koj xaiv yuav tsum ua tau txhua yam raws li lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv xav tau rau cov IEE.

Yog hais tias lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv txwv koj cov kev xaiv ntawm tus neeg muab kev pab ntau heev qhov kev ntsuam xyuas yuav ua tsis tau ywj pheej los sis cais tawm ntawm lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv, tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem sau ntawv foob qhov tsis txaus siab xa mus rau CDE.

2.   Yuav ua li cas yog tias kuv tsis muaj nyiaj txaus los them rau qhov IEE ua ntej thiab lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv xav tias qhov kev them nyiaj rov qab yog tib qho kev xaiv uas muaj?

Cov kev cai lij choj thiab cov cai tswj kev kawm tshwj xeeb tsis tau qhia meej tias lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv yuav tsum muab IEE ntawm kev siv tsoom fwv cov nyiaj them. Txawm li cas los xij, yog hais tias koj tsis muaj peev xwm them nyiaj ua ntej rau IEE thiab tau txais nyiaj them rov qab rau nws tom qab, lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv yuav tsum npaj lwm yam. Qhov no suav nrog kev them nyiaj ncaj qha rau Tus Neeg Ntsuam Xyuas Ywj Pheej. Yog hais tias lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv tsis kam ua cov kev npaj uas tsim nyog, tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum sau ib tsab ntawv hais qhov tsis txaus siab xa mus rau CDE. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv tsis txaus siab no, koj tuaj yeem hais tias lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv qhov tseev kom koj yuav tsum them nyiaj ua ntej rau IEE yuav ua kom koj tsis txhob tau txais qhov IEE.

3.   Yog hais tias kuv tuaj yeem them nyiaj rau qhov kev ntsuam xyuas, kuv puas yuav tsum tau them tam sim no thiab tom qab ntawd thov cov nyiaj rov qab los ntawm lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv puas tau?

Raws li yog leej niam leej txiv/tus saib xyuas, koj ib txwm muaj cai tau txais IEE ntawm kev siv koj tus kheej li nyiaj thiab kom lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv txiav txim siab txog qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ntawd los tsim koj tus me nyuam qhov IEP.11  

Ua ntej qhov kev them nqi rau kev ntsuam xyuas ywj pheej rau koj tus kheej, koj yuav tsum xub thov lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv kom muab IEE ntawm kev siv tsoom fwv cov nyiaj them. Yog hais tias koj them nyiaj rau qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ywj pheej ua ntej qhov kev thov kom lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv los pab peev nyiaj rau qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no, lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv yuav tsis tas them nyiaj rov qab los rau koj.

4.   Hom kev soj ntsuam twg kuv thiaj li yuav tuaj yeem thov tau raws li qhov IEE ntawm kev siv tsoom fwv cov nyiaj them?

Koj tuaj yeem thov qhov IEE ntawm kev siv tsoom fwv cov nyiaj rau ib qho kev ntsuam xyuas uas lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv tau ua tiav lawm, yog tias koj tsis pom zoo nrog qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ntawd.Ib qho kev thov rau qhov IEE ntawm kev siv tsoom fwv cov nyiaj yuav yog rau ib qho kev ntsuam xyuas uas lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv tau ua los ntsuam qhov muaj cai tau txais kev kawm tshwj xeeb los sis cov kev xav tau kev kawm ntawm koj tus me nyuam nyob hauv thaj tsam uas xav tias yuav muaj qhov kev tsis taus.Qhov no tuaj yeem suav nrog kev ntsuam xyuas lub hlwb-kev kawm, kev ntsuam xyuas kev pab fab thev naus laus zis, kev ntsuam xyuas kev tham lus thiab hais lus, los sis kev ntsuam xyuas kev hloov pauv.

Yog hais tias leej niam leej txiv/tus saib xyuas tau txais qhov IEE los ntawm kev siv tsoom fwv cov nyiaj los sis koom kev ntsuam xyuas uas lawv tau them nyiaj ntiag tug rau, lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no thaum txiav txim siab txog tus tub ntxhais kawm.12

5.   Lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv puas tuaj yeem txwv tsis pub tus Neeg Ntsuam Xyuas Ywj Pheej los tshuaj ntsuas kuv tus me nyuam ntawm cov chaw ib puag ncig lub tsev kawm ntawv, suav nrog tej ib puag ncig hauv chav kawm?

Tsis tau. Yog hais tias lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv pom tias koj tus me nyuam nyob hauv chav kawm ua ib feem ntawm nws qhov kev ntsuam xyuas los sis yog tias cov txheej txheem kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv tso cai kom muaj kev soj ntsuam nyob rau hauv chav kawm, tom qab ntawv lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv yuav tsum muab lub sij hawm rau tus Neeg Ntsuam Xyuas Ywj Pheej tib yam nkaus. Yog hais tias lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv tsis kam tso cai rau tus Neeg Ntsuam Xyuas Ywj Pheej ua kev soj ntsuam nyob hauv chav kawm, tom qab ntawv koj tuaj yeem sau ntawv foob qhov kev tsis txaus siab mus rau CDE. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv hais kev tsis txaus siab no, koj tuaj yeem sau hais tias tus Neeg Ntsuam Xyuas Ywj Pheej tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav lawv qhov kev ntsuam xyuas vim hais tias lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv tsis kam muab sij hawm rau tus Neeg Ntsuam Xyuas Ywj Pheej los soj ntsuam koj tus me nyuam ib yam li nws tau ua nrog cov neeg ua hauj lwm hauv tsev kawm.

Thov mus saib Ntu Thib 6, Cov Ntaub Ntawv Kev Sib Hais Plaub/Cov Txheej Txheem Ua Raws Cai, ntawm Phau Ntawv Qhia Cov Cai thiab Lub Luag Hauj Lwm ntawm Txoj Kev Kawm Tshwj Xeeb rau cov ntaub ntawv qhia ntau ntxiv txog tias yuav ua li cas sau ntawv tsis txaus siab xa mus rau CDE.

6.   Kuv tuaj yeem thov qhov IEE ntawm kev siv tsoom fwv cov nyiaj them pes tsawg zaum?

Koj tuaj yeem thov qho IEE ntawm kev siv tsoom fwv cov nyiaj them tau ib zaug nkaus xwb rau kev ntsuam xyuas txhua lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv uas koj tsis pom zoo nrog.13 Qhov ntawd txhais tau hais tias, yog koj tsis txaus siab rau qhov IEE uas tau txais los ntawm kev siv tsoom fwv cov nyiaj them, koj yuav tsum tau tos rau lub cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv kom rov soj ntsuam koj tus me nyuam dua ua ntej koj tuaj yeem thov lwm qhov IEE ntawm kev siv tsoom fwv cov nyiaj them.

Thov saib rau Ntu thib 2, Cov Ntaub Ntawv Qhia ntawm Cov Kev Ntsuam Xyuas/Kev Soj Ntsuam, ntawm Phau Ntawv Qhia Cov Cai thiab Cov Luag Hauj Lwm Hais Txog Kev Kawm Tshwj Xeeb rau cov ntaub ntawv ntau ntxiv.

• 1. 34 C.F.R. § 300.502(b); kuj tseem saib tau Cal Educ. Code § 56329(b).
• 2. 34 C.F.R. § 300.502(a)(3)(i).
• 3. 34 C.F.R. § 300.502(b)(2).
• 4. 34 C.F.R. § 300.502(b)(4).
• 5. 34 C.F.R. § 300.502(b)(2).
• 6. Tsab Ntawv Xa Mus Rau Tus Tsis Qhia Npe Tias Yog Leej Twg, 56 IDELR 175 (OSEP 2010), muaj nyob ntawm: https://www2.ed.gov/policy/speced/guid/idea/letters/2010-3/redacteda081310iee3q2010.pdf.
• 7. 2009 WL 1034993, ntawm *7-8 (E.D. Cal. Apr. 15, 2009).
• 8. 2006 WL 3734289, ntawm *5 (N.D. Cal. Dec. 15, 2006).
• 9. 34 C.F.R. § 300.502(a)(2).
• 10. Tsab Ntawv Xa Mus Rau Tus Neeg Uas Tsis Qhia Tias Yog Leej Twg, 56 IDELR 175 (OSEP 2010), muaj nyob ntawm: https://www2.ed.gov/policy/speced/guid/idea/letters/2010-3/redacteda081310iee3q2010.pdf.
• 11. 34 C.F.R. §§ 300.502(a), (c)(1).
• 12. 34 C.F.R. § 300.502(c)(1).
• 13. 34 C.F.R. § 300.502(b)(5); Cal. Ed. Code § 56329(b).